Introduction to Computers¶
Data & Information¶
- The collection of raw facts and figures is called Data.
- The processed data is called Information.
Data Processing¶
- The process of converting data into information by processing it is called data processing.
- Anything that processes data is called Processor.
- The basic steps of data processing are:
- Input (Data)
- Process
- Output (Information)
Computer¶
- A machine that can be programmed to except data, process it, output the information & store it for later use.
- Primary Components of Computer:
- Input Device: A device that is used to input data to the computer.
- Output Device: A device used to display output of processing
- Processing Device: A device used to process data.
- Storage Device: A device that holds data is called storage device.
Information Technology¶
- A technology that uses computing with high speed communication links to spread information from one place to another.
- Merging of various industries electronically is called Digital Convergence.
Software¶
- A set of instruction given to the computer to perform a specific task is called Software.
- There are two types of Software:
- System Software
- Application Software
System Software¶
- It is a type of software which has direct concerns with computer hardware.
- A few types of System software are given below:
- Operating Systems: Manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs.
- Device Drivers: Operates or controls a particular type of device that is attached to a computer.
- Utility Software: Designed to help analyze, configure, optimize or maintain a computer.
Application Software¶
- It is a type of that is designed to perform a group of coordinated functions, tasks, or activities for the benefit of the user.
- Following are few types of application software:
- Customization Software: Designed for particular customer or Organization.
- Package Software: Developed for general public.